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中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理

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状语从句是用来修饰动词和形容词,以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间,地点,原因等等的句子叫做状语从句。下面就是小编给大家带来的中考英语语法专题详解十四:状语从句,希望能帮助到大家!

状语从句的分类

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理 1

一。 “主+系+表”:这一结构中的系动词除了最常见的be动词外,还可用有些表示状态、感观和变化的动词,如:seem, appear, keep, stay, feel, sound, look ,taste, get, become, turn, grow, come等,注意这些词在意义和句法功能上与用作实义动词时的区别。试比较:

When spring comes, the weather gets warmer and warmer.(get为系动词)

When Tom got to the airport, the plane had already left.(get为实义动词,不及物)

用形容词充当表语,来说明主语的状态或性质时,也可用“of+相应的名词”代替。例如:

This Chinese-English dictionary is very useful.

This Chinese-English dictionary is of great use.

二。 “主+谓(不及物)”:从英语的句法来看,每个句子都必须具备主谓两部分,有时在句中找不到主语或谓语,那是特殊句式或临时的省略,而不是不存在。如:

Go away!(You go away.)

What beautiful flowers!(What beautiful flowers they are!)

不及物动词常可跟副词作状语,这时要注意与名词作宾语区分。试比较:

The book sells well.(副词作状语)

He sold the book.(名词作宾语)

三。 “主+谓(及物)+宾”:在这一结构中,及物动词自身意义不完整,因此后面必须跟宾语使句意完整。如果谓语是“动词+副词”型短语,当宾语是代词时,只能将宾语置于动词和副词之间;若宾语是名词,则宾语既可放在副词前,也可放在副词后。如:

Write down the words in your exercise books, please.

Write them down in your exercise books, please.

注意:

1. 具有“夺取”意义的动词。

在汉语中被夺取的目标是“物”,而英语则要说“人”,作宾语时要在被夺取物品之前加介词of,构成一个介词短语,放到“人”的后面。如:

omeone robbed her of her money.

2. 具有“供给”意义的动词。

在英语中,不能直接把所供给的物体作为宾语,必须以介词with为媒介,才能引出物来,同时只有得到供给的人才能作宾语。如:

The provided us with food.

3. 具有“打、抓”意义的动词。

不直接把人身上某一部位作为宾语,一般用:“动词+人+介词+the+动作承受的部位”结构。如:

He held me by the hand.

四。 “主+谓(及物)+双宾(直接+间接)”:有些及物动词需要两个宾语,间接宾语通常指人,直接宾语通常指物。直接宾语放在间接宾语后面。如:

To do that will save me a lot of troubles.

如果把间接宾语放在后面,间接宾语前要加介词to或for;表示授予东西、告知事情时,用介词to;表示施行恩惠时,介词用for.如:

Give me a piece of paper. =Give a piece of paper to me.

Father bought Tom a new computer. =Father bought a new computer for Tom.

直接宾语是代词时,通常不用间接宾语在前的结构。如:一般用“Give it to me.”结构,而不用“Give me it.”。

五。 “主+谓(及物)+宾+宾补”:在这种结构中,由于动词加上宾语后仍不能表达完整的意思,所以又加上了补语,使句子意思完整。如:

He made his parents happy.

宾语部分如果是一个从句、不定式或动名词时,通常要用it作形式宾语,而把从句、不定式或动名词放到句子后面。如:

I found it very difficult to put in practice.

动词不定式作宾补,在动词hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, look at, feel, let, have(使)和make(使)后要省去不定式符号to.如:

I often heard him sing in the next room.

但变为被动语态时,不定式符号to要加上。如:

He was made to work over twelve hours a day.

六。 there be结构:这一结构表示在“某处或某时存在某人或某物”,there是引导词,本身无意义,be为谓语动词,有时也用live, stand, lie, come等动词。动词后面的名词为主语,谓语动词的数要与靠近的名词一致。如:

There is a teacher“s desk and some chairs in the classroom.

Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理 2

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:

1)here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

Here he comes. Away they went.

14.2 倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

1)句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

ever have I seen such a performance.

owhere will you find the answer to this question.

ot until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。

注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题

1)Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit

答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2)Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know

答案D. 看到Not until…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。

改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。

14.3 以否定词开头作部分倒装

如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than

ot only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

o sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例题

o sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began B. has the game begun

C. did the game begin D. had the game begun

答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。

注意:只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。

ot only you but also I am fond of music.

14.4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装

以so/neither起首的倒装句,结构为so/neither+谓语(助动词/be动词/情态动词)+主语,用于说明上文所描述的情况也同样适用于下文的人或物。该结构中谓语动词的选择在形式上要和上文的谓语保持一致,数要由下文的主语来决定。

注意,在“so+谓语+主语”的结构中,主语是另外的人或物,而在“so+主语+谓语”的结构中,主语仍是上文的人或物,表示对 上文所讲事实的肯定或强调,如,She can play the piano, so she can.(她会弹钢琴,她的确会。)

(1)He can sing a lot of English songs, so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲,她也是。

(2)She speaks English very well, so do I.她英语说得好,我也是。

(3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book, neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书,林风也没看过。

he went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是

he has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。

he will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校,他也是。

典型例题

---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

---I don't know, _____.

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also

答案:B. nor为增补意思"也不关心",因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

---It's raining hard. ---So it is.

14.5 only在句首要倒装的情况

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

14.6 as, though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。

注意:

1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2)句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意:

让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用

14.7 其他部分倒装

1)so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。

o frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:

May you all be happy.

3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。

Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例题:

1)Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know

答案为D. 否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2)Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize

答案为B。

3)Do you know Tom bought a new car?

I don't know, ___.

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also

解析:答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理 3

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理 4

1.比较状语从句常由as…as,not so(as),than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。

如:His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him.(非正式英语中可用宾格him)他弟弟和他一样英俊。

He swims faster than any other student in his class(does)。他比班上其他任何人都游得快。

2.通常把the more…the more…结构也归为比较从句,意为:“越…越”。

如:The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.你越努力学习,就会取得越大的进步。

The less she worried, the better she worked.她担心得越少,就工作得越好。

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理 5

一、形容词

1、 形容词概述

形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。大部分形容词直接说明事物的性质或特征,有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的,beautiful美丽的。有的形容词只能作表语,没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。例如:afraid害怕的,asleep睡着的。

2、 形容词的用法

1)作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为词尾的词语即复合不定代词时,要放在这些词之后。

例如:What an interesting movie it is! 多有趣的一部电影啊!

There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.今天的报纸没有什么有趣的内容。

2)作表语放在系动词后面。

例如:The food smells delicious. 食物闻起来很香。

3)位于宾语后做宾语补足语。

例如:You must keep your classroom clean and tidy.你们必须保持教室干净整洁。

4)少数形容词只能作表语,如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, well(健康的),ill,sorry,glad,sure,pleased等。

例如:He is alone in the classroom.他独自在教室。

he has been asleep for three hours.她睡了三个小时了。

5)某些形容词之前加上冠词the表示一类人,如 the rich, the poor, the young, the old, the deaf, the blind, the living, the dead, the hungry等。

例如:The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。

The young should be polite to the old.年轻人对老年人应该有礼貌。

二、副词

1、 副词概述

副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,其他副词或句子。

2、 副词的分类和用法

1) 时间副词:如now,today,yesterday,soon等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。

例如:There is going to be a class meeting tomorrow.明天将有一个班会。

They visited the aquarium yesterday. 他们昨天参观了水族馆。

2) 频度副词:如sometimes,often, always, usually等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。

例如:They have never seen each other before.他们以前从未见过面。

What do you usually do on weekends?你们周末通常做什么?

3) 地点副词:如here, there, home, somewhere, anywhere,outside等,在句子中担任地点状语。

例如:I have looked for my pen everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.我到处找了我的钢笔,但哪儿都没看见。

4) 方式副词:如slowly, quickly, fast, luckily, easily等,在句子中担任方式状语。这类副词大都由“形容词+ly”构成。

例如:Please speak more slowly so that we can hear you clearly.请慢点说以便我们能够听清楚你说的内容。

5) 程度副词:如very, quite, rather, too, much, so等,在句子中修饰形容词或其他副词,作状语。

例如:It’s much too hot in Changsha these days.这些天长沙太热了。

The little boy can play the guitar very well.这小男孩吉他弹得非常好。

6) 疑问副词:如when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far,how old等,放在句首构成特殊疑问句。

例如:How soon will your father be back home? 你爸过多久回到家?

How often do you go to the movie? 你们隔多久看一次电影?

7) 关系副词:如when, where, why, how等,用来引导相关从句。

例如:What were you doing when the UFO landed? UFO着陆时你在干什么?

I ‘d like to go somewhere where people are friendly. 我想去人们友好的地方。

3、副词的位置

总的来说,很多副词的位置比较灵活,在句子开头、中间、结尾都可以。但是请注意下面几点:

1)频度副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。

例如:He is never late for school.他上学从不迟到。

He usually goes to see his grandparents on Saturday. 他通常周六去看望爷爷奶奶。

2)enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。

例如:The little boy isn’t old enough to go to school. 小男孩没到上学的年龄。

He ran fast enough to catch the thief. 他跑得够快,抓住了小偷。

三、形容词和副词的比较等级

1、 形容词和副词比较等级的构成

绝大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级(原形)、比较级和最高级,他们的构成规则大致相同。列表如下:

表一:规则变化

构成方法

原级

比较级

最高级

 

 

 

 

单音节

词和少

数双音

节词

一般直接在词尾加-er,-est

tall

short

taller

shorter

tallest

shortest

以不发音的e结尾的加-er,-st

nice

large

nicer

larger

nicest

largest

以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i,再加-er,-est

heavy

early

heavier

earlier

heaviest

earliest

以重读闭音节结尾、且词尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est

 

thin

big

 

thinner

bigger

 

thinnest

biggest

多音节词和部分双音节词(尤其是带词缀的双音节词)

 

 

 

在原级前加more,most

interesting

important

quickly

more interesting

more important

more quickly

most interesting

most important

most quickly

原级

比较级

最高级

good, well

etter

est

many, much

more

most

ad,ill, badly

worse

worst

little

less

least

far

farther较远(字面意义)

further进一步(引申意义)

farthest最远(字面意义)

furthest最大限度(引申意义)

old

older年纪较大的(用于比较级)

elder较年长的(只用作定语)

oldest年纪最大的(用于最高级)

eldest最年长的(只用作定语)

2、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法

1)两者之间进行比较用比较级。其常见句子结构为:A +谓语动词+比较级+than+B。

例如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。

Lily has more friends than I. 莉莉比我朋友多。

Tom runs faster than Jim. 汤姆比吉姆跑得快。

注:可以用程度副词a little, a lot, a bit, much, even, still, far等修饰比较级,表示比较的程度差异。

例如:It is much hotter in Changsha than that in Beijing in summer.长沙的夏天比北京的夏天热得多。

He studies English a lot harder than the other students in his class.他学英语比班上其他同学努力得多。

2)在三者或三者以上的人或物之间进行比较时用最高级,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前the可加可不加,句子中常有in或of短语来表示比较的范围。其常见句子结构为:A+谓语动词+the+最高级+比较范围。

例如:Changjiang is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。

Rruce runs fastest of the three. 布鲁斯是三个人中跑得最快的。

3)表示A和B在某一方面相同或不及时用同级比较。其常见句型为:A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B。其否定结构为:A+谓语动词(not)+as/so+原级+as+B。

例如:English is as important as Chinese.英语和语文一样重要。

Math is not as interesting as History. 数学不如历史有趣味。

He speaks English as well as Chinese. 他英语和汉语说得一样好。

he doesn’t do her homework as carefully as her brother.她做作业不如她哥哥细心。

4)选择疑问句比较级和最高级的句型分别为:“疑问词+谓语动词+比较级,A or B?”和“疑问词+谓语动词+最高级,A,B or C?”

例如:Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?太阳或地球,哪个更大?

Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳、地球或月亮,哪个最大?

Who plays soccer better, David or Martin?戴维或马丁,谁足球踢得更好?

Who plays soccer best, David, Martin or Bill?戴维、马丁或比尔,谁足球踢得最好?

5)表示“越……就越……”时,其句型为“the +比较级,the+比较级”。

例如:The more trees, the better. 树木越多越好。

The harder you study, the better grades you will get. 学习越努力,成绩就越好。

6)表示“越来越……”时,用比较级的叠加形式,即:比较级+ and+比较级。

例如:It’s getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。

The city is becoming more and more beautiful. 城市越来越漂亮了。

中考英语语法专题简单句并列句范文整理_精选范文网

状语从句是用来修饰动词和形容词,以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间,地点,原因等等的句子叫做状语从句。下面就是小编给大家带来的中考英语语法专题详解十四:状语从句,希望能帮助到大家! 状语从句的分类 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从
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