人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板
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关于任何事物的知识都有五个层次或者要素:事物的名称、定义、形象,有关事物的智识或者知识,以及事物本身——这才是知识的真正目标。下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语必修二知识点,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板 1
hift?v.?转移;转动;转变??
vary?v.?变化,改变;使多样化??
vanish?vi.?消灭,不见??
wallow?v.?吞下,咽下?n.?燕子??
uspicion?n.?怀疑,疑心??
uspicious?a.?怀疑的,可疑的??
mild?a.?温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的??
tender?a.?温柔的;脆弱的??
uisance?n.?损害,妨害,讨厌(的人或事物)??
insignificant?a.?无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的??
accelerate?vt.?加速,促进??
absolute?a.?绝对的,无条件的;完全的??
oundary?n.?分界线,边界??
rake?n.?刹车,制动器?v.?刹住(车)??
catalog?n.?目录(册)?v.?编目??
vague?a.?模糊的,不明确的??
vain?n.?徒劳,白费??
extinct?a.?绝灭的,熄灭的??
extraordinary?a.?不平常的,特别的,非凡的??
extreme?a.?极度的,极端的?n.?极端,过分??
agent?n.?代理人,代理商;动因,原因??
alcohol?n.?含酒精的饮料,酒精??
appeal?n./vi.?呼吁,恳求??
appreciate?vt.?重视,赏识,欣赏
approve?v.?赞成,同意,批准??
timulate?vt.?刺激,激励??
acquire?vt.?取得,获得;学到??
accomplish?vt?.完成,到达;实行??
etwork?n.?网状物;广播网,电视网;网络??
tide?n.?潮汐;潮流?
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板 2
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构
在独立主格结构中,非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
uch an able man to help you,you will surely succeed sooner or later.
有这么能干的人来帮你,你迟早一定会成功的。
(such an able man和to help you之间存在着主谓关系)
=Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.
He seating himself atthe desk, his mother began to tell him a story.
他在书桌旁坐好后,他母亲开始给他讲故事。
(seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he,注意是“主格”)
=When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.
The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.
由于丢了自行车钥匙,他只好步行去学校。
(lost的逻辑主语是the key,lost也可以用完成式having been lost)
=Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.
(一)不定式“独立主格结构”
在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。
动词不定式用主动的形式:
在独立主格结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
His mother to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.
他母亲今晚要来,他正在忙着准备饭菜。
(= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.)
—will you go to the concert tonight?
—sorry.So many exerise-books to check,I really can't afford any time.
—你今晚去听音乐会吗?
—对不起,有这多的作业要批,我真的抽不出时间。
(=Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight,I really can't afford any time.)
The four of us agreed on a division of labour,each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。
(=The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter of the book.)
Many trees,flowers,and grass to be planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.
种上许多的树,花和草后,我们新建的学校将看上去更美。
(=If many trees,flowers,and grass are planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.)
(二)-ing形式“独立主格结构”
动词的-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。
eing ill, he went home.
由于生病,他回家了。
(=As he was very ill, he went home.)
eating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.
在课桌旁坐好后,他开始看杂志。
(= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.)
1、表示时间的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”
Everyone being ready,the teacher began his class.
每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课。
(相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone was ready)
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.
每个人坐好后,主席开始开会。
(相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated)
2、表示原因的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
由那个男孩带路,我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。
(相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way)
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous.
许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张。
(相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him)
【必背】含有being的独立主格结构。
It being National Day today,the streets are very crowded.
今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。
(= As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.)
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.
没有别的事可讨论,我们都回家了。
(= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.)
3、表示条件的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.
时间允许的话,我们下星期将进行一次野炊。
(相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night.
我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜。
(相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows)
4、表示方式的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”
The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.
学生们快乐地在学校里走着,每个人胸前都带着一张卡。
(相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest)
The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky.
男孩躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空。
(相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky)
(三)-ed形式“独立主格结构”
与逻辑主语+动词的-ing形式一样,如果-ed形式的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致的话,就需要用-ed形式的独立主格结构。
The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it.
该书是用简单英语写的,英语初学者也能看懂。
(= As the book was written in simple English,English beginners were able to read it.)
The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.
由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。
(= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.)
He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。
(= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.)
The task completed,he had two months' leave.
任务完成以后,他休了两个月的假。
(=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave.)
【比较】动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生,动词-ed形式表示动作已经结束,动词-ing形式往往表示动作正在进行。
The manager looks worried,many things to settle.
经理看上去很着急,有这么多的事情要处理。
(事情还没有处理,而且是由经理本人来处理,用不定式to settle)
The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.
许多事情已经处理好了,经理看上去很轻松。
(事情已经处理好了,用动词-ed形式settled表示动作已经结束)
The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV.
小孩一边做饭,一边看电视。
(两个动作同时进行)
The food cooked, the boy went to bed.
饭做好了,小孩去睡了。
(两个动作有先后,饭已做好,小孩才去睡觉的)
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板 3
状 语 从 句
一、时间状语从句
1、when的用法
(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当。。。时候”。(2)when在be about to do。。。when。。。,be doing。。。when。。。,had done。。。when。。。,be on one’s way。。。when。。。,be on the point of doing。。。when。。。等结构中,作“那时突然”讲。(3)when “既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果”
2、while的用法
(1)表示“当。。。时候”,引导的动作必须是延续性的。(2)用作并列连词,表示相对关系“然而”。(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为“虽然”,位于主句前。(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为“只要”。
3、as 的用法
(1)表示“当。。。时候”,强调同时发生,不指先后。(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。(3)表示“一边。。。一边。。。”。(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。(5)表示“虽然,尽管”。(6)其他含义“正如,正像”,“作为”,“由于,因为”。
4、before的用法
(1)一般意为“在。。。之前”“。。。才”,“。。。就”“还没有。。。”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可,宁愿”,“否则,要不然”。(2)It + will be/was + 时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用不了多长时间就”。
5、until和till
(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示“直到。。。才,在。。。之前不。。。”。
注意:not until可用于强调句和倒装句
强调句:It is/was not until…that…倒装句:not until 放句首时,主句要部分倒装。
6、since的用法
(1)since后是非延续性动词,时间起点从该动作发生算起,意为“做某事多久了”;since后是延续性动词,时间起点从该动作结束算起,意为“不做某事已有多长时间”。(2)It is/has been +时间段+since+一般过去时
7、表示“一......就......”的句型
(1)as soon as, once,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,常译作“一。。。就。。。”,这类从句中,经常用一般现在时态代替将来时态。(2)on doing sth.或“on one’s+名词”作时间状语。
8、有些名词和副词可以起连接词的作用,引导时间状语从句。
注意:时间状语从句中不用将来时态。若要表示将来时间,可用一般现在时态表示。但when引导名词性从句时,从句中要使用将来时。
二、地点状语从句
1、地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。
注意:where与where的区别:Where表特定的地点,而wherever表示非特定的地点。Wherever=to/at any place where
2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别Where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。
三、原因状语从句
引导词:because, since,as, now that, not that…, but that…, seeing that, considering that, in that
注意:for也可以表示原因,属并列连词,但不是说明直接原因,而是对某种情况加以推断,用于表示补充说明理由。
四、目的状语从句
引导词:so, so that, in order that, that, to the end that(以便,为了),in case,for fear that,lest(以免,以防),目的状语从句中通常有情态动词can,could,may,might,should,would等。
注意:1、in case 还可表示“万一,假如”。2、目的状语从句可以用so as to, in order to 等不定式代替,但主句和从句的主语必须一致。
五、结果状语从句
引导词:so...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),such...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),so that(结果是),with the result that(所以,结果是)
注意:(1)so...that与such...that的区别So+形容词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词So+形容词+a/an+单数名词such+形容词+复数名词So+副词such+形容词+不可数名词So many/few+复数名词So much/little+不可数名词
(2)so that引导的目的状语从句与so that 引导的结果状语从句目的状语从句一般使用情态动词,结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词;结果状语从句常常用逗号与主句分开。
(3)so...that与so...as;such...that与such...asSo...that/such...that为结果状语从句;so...as/such...as为定语从句。
六、条件状语从句
引导词:if(如果),unless(除非),if only(只要,但愿),only if(只有),in case(万一),suppose/supposing(that)(假设),provided/providing(that)(只要,假若),on condition that(要是,在。。。条件下),so/as long as(只要),(let s/let us)say(假设)
七、方式状语从句
引导词:as(像。。。一样,正如。。。),as if/as though(好像,宛如)
注意:1、固定句型A is to B what C is to D.意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。2、as if, as though引导的从句若与事实相反,用虚拟语气;若与事实相符,不用虚拟语气。
八、让步状语从句
引导词:though/although/as(虽然,尽管),even if/though(即使,尽管),whether/no matter whether...or(not)(不管。。。是否,不管是。。。还是)wh-ever/no matter wh-(无论。。。)
注意:(1)though,although,as的区别A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。B、though引导的从句可以倒装,也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。其结构为:形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语……(2)though可用作副词,放在句末,意为“不过,但是”。Although无此用法。(3)某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语,意为“尽管”,如:in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that, regardless of(the fact that)
九、比较状语从句
引导词:as...as(和。。。一样),not as/so...as(和。。。不一样),than(比),the more...the more...(越。。。越。。。)
十、状语从句中的省略问题
1、在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有系动词be,则通常可省去从句的主语和系动词be,留下其余部分。
2、若状语从句中主语是it, 动词是系动词be, 则通常可省去主语it及系动词be,留下其余部分。
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板 4
△poetry n. 诗(总称);诗意
tick vt. 给……标记号
rhyme n. 韵;押韵;押韵的词 vi. & vt. (使)押韵
convey vt. 传达;运送
△emotion n. 情感;情结;感情
ursery n. 托儿所
ursery rhyme 童谣
concrete adj. 具体的
△repetition n. 重复;反复;循环
contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的; 好反驳的
△hush vi. &vt. (使某人)安静下来
diamond n. 钻石;菱形
△brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器
△billy-goat n. 公山羊
flexible adj. 灵活的;可弯曲的; 柔顺的
attern n. 模式;式样;图案
△squire n. 乡绅
cottage n. 村舍;小屋
△coffin n. 棺材
arrow n. 麻雀
△kitten n. 小猫
tke it easy 轻松;不紧张;从容
run out of 用完
△cinquain n. 五行诗
e made up of 由……构成
tease vi. & vt. 取笑;招惹;戏弄
alty adj. 含盐的;咸的
△droop vi. 低垂;凋萎;萎靡
△dread vi. & vt. 害怕;畏惧
endless adj. 无穷的;无止境的
△haiku n. 俳句
△syllable n. 音节
minimum n. 最低限度;最少量 最小数
translation n. 翻译;译文
ranch n. 枝条;支流;部门
△melt (melted; melted, molten) vi. 融化;溶化;软化
△brimful adj. 盈满的;满到边际的
in particular 尤其;特别
eventually adv. 最后;终于
△await vt. 等候;期待
transform vi. & vt. 转化;转换;改造 变换
△revolve vi. & vt. (使)旋转
△utter vt. 说;讲;发出(声音)
orrow n. 悲伤;悲痛;懊悔
are adj. 赤裸的;光秃的;稀少的 n. 最基本的要素
librarian n. 图书馆馆长; 图书馆管理员
forever adv. 永远
△stem n. 茎;干
△cement n. 水泥
ection n. 部分;节;切下的块
appropriate adj. 适当的;正当的
exchange n. 交换;交流;互换 vt. & vi. 调换;交换
diploma n. 毕业文凭;学位证书
onsor n. 赞助人;主办者;倡议者vt. 发起;举办;倡议
lank n. 空白
adj. 空白的;茫然的
compass n. 指南针;罗盘; (复数)圆规
ride n. 新娘
ridegroom n. 新郎
championship n. 冠军称号
△rhythmic adj. 有节奏的;有规律的
darkness n. 黑暗;漆黑
warmth n. 暖和;温暖
try out 测试;试验
cholarship n. 奖学金;学问; 学术成就
ianist n. 钢琴家;钢琴演奏者
violinist n. 小提琴演奏者
let out 发出;放走
load n. 负担;负荷物(尤指沉重的)
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板 5
二、 动词独立主格结构
“逻辑主语+being+其他”是独立主格结构中的“逻辑主语+动词-ing形式”的一种形式。在这种结构中,being往往可以被省去,这种省去being的结构,称之为无动词“独立主格结构”。
(一)逻辑主语+名词
Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛,年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
(the youngest和a boy of 12之间省去了being)
【注意】独立主格结构中的being在下列两种情况下一般不能省略,一是在“There being +名词”结构中,二是在逻辑主语是代词的情况下。
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。
It being Sunday, all the offices are closed.
因为是星期日,所有办公室都关门。
(二)逻辑主语+形容词
He turned to me, his eyes sleepy.
他睡眼惺忪地转向我。
(his eyes和sleepy之间省去了being)
= He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy.
He stood there, his mouth wide open.
他站在那里,嘴张得大大的。
(his mouth和wide open之间省去了being)
= He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.
(三)逻辑主语+副词
chool over, we all went home.
放学了,我们都回家了。
(school和over之间省去了being)
= School was over, and we all went home.
He sat at his desk, his shoes off.
他坐在课桌旁,没穿鞋子。
(his shoes和off之间省去了being)
= He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.
(四)逻辑主语+介词短语
He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us.
他站在黑板面前,背对着我们。
= He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us.
The new teacher came in, a smile on her face.
新老师面带微笑走了进来。
= The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.
The teacher came into the classroom,a rule in his hand.
老师走进教室,手里拿着一把直尺。
= The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.
【提示】在“逻辑主语+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构里,如果名词用单数,可以不用冠词,同时介词短语里的限定词也可省略。
The music teacher stood at the door, violin in hand.
音乐老师站在门口,手里拿着一把小提琴。
(=The music teacher stood at the door, a violinin his hand.)
人教版英语高中必修五知识点推荐模板_精选范文网




