人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结

无论掌握哪一种知识，对智力都是有用的，它会把无用的东西抛开而把好的东西保留住，那么接下来给大家分享一些关于高中必修二英语第四单元知识点，希望对大家有所帮助。

人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结 1

【重点词汇、短语】

1. consist 组成，在于，一致

2. consist of 由…组成

3. divide…into 把…分成

4. break away from 脱离

5. to one’s credit 在…的名下，为…带来荣誉

6. attract 吸引，引起注意

7. leave out 省去，遗漏，不考虑

8. plus 加上，和，正的

9. take the place of 代替

10. break down 损坏，破坏

11. arrange 安排

12. fold 折叠，对折

13. delight 快乐，高兴，喜悦

【重点句型】

1. How many countries does the UK consist of?

联合王国由几个国家组成?

2. You can easily clarify this question if you study British history.

如果你学习了英国历史，很容易就能弄清楚这个问题。

3. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.

令人高兴的是，这件事没有引起冲突就完成了，那时候苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为了英格兰和威尔士的国王。

4. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.

然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意而分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。

5. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.

值得表扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作。

6. England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.

在这四个国家中，英格兰最大，为了方便起见，它大致被分为了三个地区。

7. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.

如果你想要使你的英国之旅愉快又有意义，你就必须留心观察。

8. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.

由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。

9. It looked splendid when first built.

刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌。

10. What interested her most was the longitude line.

她最感兴趣的是那条经线。

人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结 2

主谓一致

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数。(最基本的)

2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。

3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each， every， no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

4、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ，except， besides， with ，as well as ，together with ，along with，like 等引导的介词短语时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。

5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people， police， cattle， clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。

6、集体名词family， class， team， group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数;看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。

7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》

8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.

9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数

10、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。

11、由连词not……but……， or， either……or， neither……nor， not only…but also，等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。(这个就是就近原则)

12、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。

13、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式;但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。

14、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who ， that ， which ， 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。

注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。

人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结 3

1.convey sth to sb 向某人表达/传递某物

convey sb/sth from A to B把…从A地运送到B地

2.take one’s time 不急，慢慢来

take sth seriously 认真对待某事

take sth forgranted 认为… 理所应当

3.run out of 用完了…表示主动意义

run out …用完了，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等

We are running out of the money. = The moneyis running out. (钱快要用完

了)

4.be made up of=be composed of =consist of 由……组成

5.tease sb about…..拿……取笑某人

与tease 同义的短语有：

laugh at/make fun of/play jokes on/play tricks on…

6.be particular about sth 对某事挑剔

in particular 尤其，特别

7.trans formA into B 使A变成B

8.be appropriate to/for对…….是适当的

It’s appropriate that….是恰当的 (从句常用“should+V 虚拟语气)

9.It’s possible/probable to do 有可能....

/ sth/ it is likely that... 可能

e likely to do sth..

make sense 讲得通，有意义

tay up 熬夜

take it easy轻松，不紧张

run out of 用完

e made up of由……组成

e popular with 受……欢迎

in particular尤其，特别

have fun 玩得高兴

y chance偶然的，碰巧

hold on别挂断，坚持，保持

at the bottom of 在……底部

try out测试，试验

let out 发出，放走

escape from逃离

go over 克服

reak away from脱离

get rid of消除

keep sb in the dark 把某人蒙在鼓里

try on试穿

let alone 更不用说

take a load off one’s mind打消某人的顾虑

trans formA into B 使A变成B

in exchange for….作为对…交换

10.while的用法

A. 当…. ; 在…期间….

He fell asleep while doing his homework.

. 虽然;尽管

While I like the color of thecoat, I don’t like its shape.

C.只要

While there is life, there is hope.

D.对比，转折，而

he is very tall while her sisteris short.

人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结 4

【重点词汇、短语】

1. struggle 斗争

2. expand 使变大，伸展

3. thanks to 幸亏，由于

4. rid 摆脱

5. rid…of 摆脱，除去

6. be satisfied with 对…感到满意

7. would rather宁愿

8. therefore 因此

9. export 出口

10. regret 后悔，遗憾

11. build up 逐渐增加，建立，开发

12. lead to 导致

13. focus on 集中与

14. reduce 减少

15. keep...free from/of 使…免受影响

16. comment 评论，议论

【重点句型】

1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing?

你种过植物吗?如果种过的话，你是怎么种植的?如果没有种过的话，你想要尝试种植什么植物?

△ If so为省略句式，意为“如果是这样的话”，if用作连词，so 用来代替上文的内容，以避免重复。If not 意为“如果不是这样的话，否则，要不然”，意义与If so 相反。

2. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.

1974年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。

△不定式放在表示次序的词如the first, the last以及the only, the very, the right, the best等词后面作定语,且与所修饰的名词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

3. Using his hybrid rice, framers are producing harvest twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻， 农民种出的粮食是以前的两倍。

△“…times as+形容词/副词的原级+ as”为常见的倍数表达法，意为“是……的几倍”。

This room is three times as big as that one.

这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

知识拓展

英语中常见的倍数表达法还有：

This room is twice bigger than that one.

= This room is three times the size of that one.

这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

The output of TV sets in our factory is 15 times that of ten years ago.

= The output …is 15 times what it was ten years ago.

我们厂电视机的产量是10年前的15倍。

人教版高中英语语法知识点经典总结 5

Unit4：定语从句

1. 关系代词 that, which (物) that, who, whom(人)whose(人和物)

①关系代词在从句做主语，宾语，表语。当做宾语时，可以省略。

A plane is a machine that can fly.(that做主语，先行词是物)

The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.(which先行词是物，在从句中作宾语可省，) She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.(that先行词是人，在从句中做宾语可省)

②who在从句中多做主语，whom只能做宾语，(介词和动词后)

Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?(who在从句中做主语，先行词是人)

The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.(whom在从句中做宾语，可省)

③ whose先行词即可是人也可是物。

I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.

2. 关系副词

where 在从句中作地点状语 when 在从句中作时间状语 why 在从句中作原因状语 I will never forget the day when we met there.

This is the house where I was born.

I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.

三、介词/介词短语+关系代词(which, whom)

Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. This is the hotel in which you will stay.

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。

例如：There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

eijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

四、 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

1. 形式不同

2. 作用不同

限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整：

3. 翻译不同 He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。

4. 先行词不同

五、 as引导的定语从句 as可以引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语，宾语和表语。翻译成“像?一样”或“像” such?as 像??一样，之类 the same?as 和??一样

He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.(as在从从句中做宾语，)

That’s the same tool as I used last week.

六、 as引导的定语从句和which的区别

①which 限制性非限制性位于句后修饰整句或先行词

eijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.

As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

② as 多 和 被 动 语 态 连 用 ， be known, be said, be reported, be announced, be expected等

③当非限制性定语从句是否定时，只能用which。

He came here very late, which was unexpected.

七、 特殊情况

只能用that的情况：

1.先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时

2.先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时

3.先行词有形容词最高级修饰时

4.先行词有序数词修饰时

5.先行词既指人又指物时

6.先行词被the only, the very修饰时

7.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时

例如：

1.He told me everything that he knows.

2.All the books that you offered has been given out.

3.This is the best film that I have ever read.

4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.

5.He is the only man that I want to see.

6.Who is the man that is making a speech?

二、 只能用which不能用that的情况:

1. 非限制性定语从句

2. 介词+which

3. the way 做先行词时，定语从句可由that, in which 引导或不用引导词。

4. 当先行词是point, situation, stage等时，引导词用where.