高中英语基础知识点参考集锦
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高中英语基础知识点参考集锦 1
【重点词汇、短语】
1.impression印象,感想 2.take up 拿起,开始,继续 3.constant时常发生的,连续不断的 4.previous在前的,早先的 5.guide指导,向导 6.lack缺乏,没有 7.lose sight of 看不见 8.sweep up 横扫 9.slide into 移动,溜进 10.optimistic乐观的 11.speed up 加速 12.desert沙漠 13.instant瞬间,片刻 14.settlement定居,解决
【重点句型】
1.I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. 我得不断提醒自己我真的到公元 3008 年了。
2.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 开始的时候,新的环境让我难以忍受。
3.The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. 空气似乎很稀薄,好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。
4.Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。
5.Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriagedriven by computer. 很快我又重新振作起来,然后跟随他领取了一部由电脑控制的气垫车。
6.However,I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 可是,当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时,由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔,我看不见王平了。
7.He was swept up into the center of them. 他被卷入到这群车队中去了。
8.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. 到了一幢看上去很奇怪的房子里,他把握带到一个明亮而清洁的大房间。
9.I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. 后来我才发现,就是这些树的叶子为这栋房屋提供了最急需的氧气。
高中英语基础知识点参考集锦 2
1.6 一般将来时的用法
一般将来时可用来预言将来发生的情况和动作:
I'll drive you to the airport tomorrow.明天我将送你到机场。
一般将来时有时没有表示时间的状语,这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况:
What will you do next? 你下一步将做什么?
1.7 be going to + 动词原形
e going to + 动词原形的句型:
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形...
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形...
疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形...?
疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形...?
这一句型表示将发生的事或打算/准备做的事。
1.be going to的肯定句
句型:主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形...
It's going to snow tomorrow.明天将要下雪。
If I have enough money,I'm going to take a trip abroad.假如我有足够的钱,我准备出国旅行一次。
I'm going to be twenty next Tuesday.下周二我将20岁了。
As soon as I can,I'm going to change jobs.一旦有可能,我就准备换一下工作。
2.be going to的否定句句型:主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形...
He's not going to be a lawyer.他不打算当律师。
3.be going to的一般疑问句 句型:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形...?
回答方式:Yes,主语 + am/is/are.
o,主语 + am/is/are + not.
Are you going to have dinner at home tomorrow night? 明天晚上你准备在家吃晚饭吗?
4.be going to的特殊疑问句 句型:疑问代词/疑问副词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形...?
What time are you going to get up tomorrow? —I'll probably wake up early and get up at 6:30. 明天早晨你准备什么时候起床? ——我可能早醒并在6点半起床。
【注意】 “be going to + 动词原形”表示未来,一般不用于条件句。
1.8 be going to句型与一般将来时的用法区别
“be going to + 动词原形”表示事先考虑好的意图;表示打算、计划、安排等;而shall/will表示未事先考虑的意图,用来预言将要发生什么事:
He will win in the competition.他将会在比赛中获胜。(预言将要发生)
高中英语基础知识点参考集锦 3
【重点词汇、短语】
1. put forward 提出
2. conclude 结束,结论
3. draw a conclusion 得出结论
4. defeat 打败
5. attend 照顾,护理,出席
6. expose to 使显露
7. cure 治愈,治疗
8. challenge 挑战
9. suspect 怀疑,被怀疑者
10. blame 责备
11. handle 柄,把手,处理,掌控
12. link 联系,连接
13. link to 将…和…连接
14. announce 宣布
15. contribute 捐献,贡献
16. apart from 除了
17. be strict with 对…严格
18. make sense 讲的通,有意义
19. spin 使旋转
20. reject 拒绝,抛弃
【重点句型】
1. What do you know about infectious diseases?
你对传染性疾病了解多少?
2. John Snow was a famous doctor in London – so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
约翰?斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成为维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助患了霍乱的普通老百姓,他就感到很振奋。
4. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。
5. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
他知道,在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
7. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
约翰?斯诺猜想第二个理论是正确的,但他需要证据。
8. It seemed that the water was to blame.
看来要归罪于饮用水了。
9. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
约翰?斯诺马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手,这样水泵就用不成了。
10. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
在伦敦的另一个地区,他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。
【语法总结】
过去分词作定语和表语
一. 过去分词作表语
作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态,相当于形容词,强调主谓关系;被动语态表示动作,强调动宾关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。
1. 过去分词做表语与被动语态的差异:
The store is now closed.(系表)
The library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m. (被动)
2. 某些过去分词作表语,多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主语主要是人。
这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词: delighted, devoted, discouraged , astonished, frightened, excited, inspired, encouraged, interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .
二. 过去分词作定语
作定语的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,置于其所修饰的名词之前。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
2. 过去分词短语用作定语时,置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中。
The concert given by their friends was a success.
他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
3. 过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting,attended by over five thousand people,welcomed the great hero.
他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人。
高中英语基础知识点参考集锦 4
diagram [?dai?gr?m] n. 图解;图表;示意图
volcano [v?l?kein?u] n. 火山
△volcanic [v?l?k?nik] adj. 火山的
△volcanology[?v?lk?n'?l?d?i]n.火山学
△volcanologist [?v?lk?n'?l?d?ist] n.火山学家
erupt [i?r?pt] vi.(指火山)爆发;突然发生
eruption [i?r?p??n] n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发
ash [??] n. 灰;灰末
△crater [?kreit?] n. 火山口;弹坑
△lava [?lɑ:v?] n. (火山喷出的)熔岩;火山岩
hurricane [?h?rik?n] n. 飓风;风暴
questionnaire [?kw?st??n??r] n. 问卷;调查表
alongside [?l???said] adv. 在旁边;沿着
rep. 在……旁边;沿着……的边
equipment [i?kwipm?nt] n. 设备;装备
appoint [??p?int] vt. 任命;委派
△observatory [?b?z?:v?t?ri] n. 观象台;天文台;气象台
database [?deit?beis]n.数据库;资料库
evaluate [i?v?ljueit] vt.评估;评价;估计
urn to the ground 全部焚毁
wave [weiv] n. 波浪;波涛 vi. 波动;起伏;挥手
△molten [?m?ult?n]adj.熔化的;熔融的
fountain [?fauntin] vi.& vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉;源
absolute [??bs?lu:t] adj. 绝对的;完全的
absolutely[??bs?lu:tli] adv. 绝对地;完全地
△spaceman ['spes,m?n] n. 宇航员;航天专家
uit[su:t] n. 一套外衣;套装 vt. 适合;使适宜
helmet [?helmit] n. 头盔
oot [bu:t] n. 靴子
make one’sway 前往
otential [p??ten??l]n.潜在性;可能性;潜能 adj. 可能的;潜在的
actual[??kt?u?l] adj.实在的;实际的
△geology [d?i??l?d?i] n. 地质学
△sample [?s?mpl] n. 样品;样本
candidate [?k?ndideit]n.候选人;候补者
△threat[θret] n. 恐吓;威胁
ungalow [?b??g?l?u] n. 平房;小屋
△tornado [t?:?neid?u] n.龙卷风;旋风
typhoon [tai?fu:n] n. 台风
thunderstorm ['θ?nd?st?:m] n. 雷暴
recious [?pre??s] adj.贵重的;珍贵的
ovelist [?n?v?list] n. 小说家
fog [f?g] n. 雾
document [?d?kjum?nt] n. 文件;证件
rainbow [?reinb?u] n. 彩虹
uncomfortable [?n?k?mft?b?l] adj. 不舒服的;不舒适的
alcony [?b?lk?ni] n. 阳台
unconscious[?n?k?n??s] adj.失去知觉的;未察觉的
hoot [?u:t] (shot)vt. 射中;射伤
hot [??t] n. 射击;枪炮声
tremble [?trembl] vi.摇晃;摇动;颤抖
weat [swet] n. 汗 vi. 出汗
anxious [???k??s] adj. 忧虑的;不安的
anxiety[???zai?ti] n.担心;焦虑;渴望
anic [?p?nik] (panicked) vi.& vt. 惊慌 n. 惊慌;恐慌
△tsunami[tsu:'nɑ:mi]n.海啸;地震海啸
glancethrough 匆匆看一遍
△Manchu [m?n't?u:] adj. 满族的n. 满人
vary from…to… 由……到……不等
diverse [dai?v?:s]adj.多种多样的;不同的
△diversity [dai?v?:siti] n.多种多样;多样性
△crane [krein] n. 鹤;吊车;起重机
△leopard [?lep?d]n. 豹
△spectacular [spek?t?kjul?] adj.引人入胜的;壮观的
athe [bei?] vi. 洗澡;游泳
△arouse [??rauz] vt.激发;唤醒某人
appreciation [??pri:?i?ei??n] n. 欣赏;感激;感谢
△peak[pi:k] n. 山顶;顶峰
△persuasion [p??swei??n]n.信服;说服
guarantee [?g?r?n?ti:]vt.保证;担保
高中英语基础知识点参考集锦 5
Module1
重点短语:
1.It is obvious (to sb.) that 从句
对某人来说,……是显然的
2.confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆
3.be confused by sth . 被…….搞糊涂了
4.in confusion 困惑的;困窘地
5.compare. . .with. . . 和……比较
6.compare. . .to 把……比作
7.comepared to/with 和……相比(作状语)
8.variety of=varieties of 各种各样的
9.differ from sb./sth. 与某人或某物有区别,相异
10.differ in. . . 在某方面不同
11.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)
和某人或某物有相同之处
12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .
与……有很多共同之处
13.have nothing/little in common with. . .
与……没有/很少有共同之处
14.in common with sb./sth. 和……一样
15.make a difference 有关系;有重要性;
16.make some difference to. . . 对……有些关系
17.make much difference to. . . 关系重大;有重大影响
18.make no difference to. . . 对……没有关系
19.be similar to 与……相似
20.be similar in 在……方面相似
21.have some/much difficulty(in)doing sth.
做某事有些/很多困难
22.have some/much difficulty with sth.
做某事有一些/很多困难
23.with difficulty 困(艰)难地
24.lead to sb.doing sth. 使得某人做某事
25.lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人去做某事
26.announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事
=announce to sb.sth 向某人宣布某事
27.add. . .to. . . 把……加到……中
28.add to 增加
29.add up. . . 合计;加起来
30.add up to. . . 总计
31.make an announcement 发表声明,通知
32.at present 现在;目前
33.make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
34.make an attempt at doing sth. 试图(尝试)做某事
35.at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
36.attempt at(doing)sth. 尝试(做)某事
37.in favour of 同意,支持,拥护
38.do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙
39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙
40.in sb.’s favour 有助于某人
41.refer to. . .as. . . 称……为……
42.refer to 参考
43.make (a) reference (s) to 提及,论及
44.now (that)+ 句子 由于;既然
重点知识点:
compare(v.)---comparison(n.)
把A和B比较compare A with B把A比作/比喻为Bcompare A to B
比起…,与…相比(作状语)compared with /to比得上compare with
无与伦比beyond comparison与…比较in comparison相比之下by comparison
differ(vi)different(adj.)difference(n.)
在…方面不同differin= be differentin区分…和…Tell the difference between…and..
不同于differfrom= be differentfrom和某人在…方面differ with sb. on sth.有影响,使不同make a difference
对…有影响have an effect on=have an influence on =affect =influence
Itmakes a big differenceto your lifewhetheryou take an optimistic attitudeor not.
你是否采取乐观的态度对你的人生有很大的影响。
common
有很多/有一些/几乎没有/没有共同点havemuch(a lot)/everything/ nothing(little)in common和…一样in common with
lead
lead to+doing/n通往,通向;导致,招致leadsbtosp.带领某人到某地
leadsbto dosth.使某人做某事,领某人干某事
命题方向:1). lead to +doing/ being done
2).leading to作定语或状语。
3).含介词的短语动词用在定语从句中,考察句中的谓语动词。
短语lead to中,to为介词,总结一下“动词+介词to”的常用短语
ay attention to注意devote… to…献身于stick to坚持be used to习惯于
elong to属于object to反对get down to开始认真做..contribute to为..做贡献
ay a visit to参观;拜访
difficulty
have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事有一些/没有困难
There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.
There is some/no difficulty with sth.(注意:difficulty为不可数名词)
have some/much/no difficulty (in) doing做某事有一些/没有困难
There is some/no difficulty (in) doing sth.
There is some/no difficulty with sth.(注意:difficulty为不可数名词)
attempt
attempt to do/ attempt at doing.试图做…;尝试做…
make an/no attempt to do (没有)试图/打算做…
at one’s first attempt (to do)第一次尝试做…
add
add…to…把…加到…上add to增加
add…up把…加起来add up to总计
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