高考英语语法与知识点整理范文
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名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。下面就是小编给大家带来的名词性从句英语语法知识点汇总,希望大家喜欢!
高考英语语法与知识点整理范文 1
一、就近一致原则
1.由or,not only...but also...,neither...nor...,either...or...,whether...or...,not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,通常根据就近一致原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
2.here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时,通常根据就近原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Here is a ruler,a few pencils and two copybooks.
二、意义一致原则
1.谓语动词必须用单数的情况
(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂),news(消息)等作主语时,虽然本身为复数形式,但表示单数意义时,谓语动词仍用单数。
Politics is his favorite subject.
(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时,虽然形式上是复数,但所表示的意义是单数,所以谓语动词用单数。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
2.谓语动词必须用复数的情况
表示总称意义的名词,如people,police,public,cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
The police are searching for the murderer.
3.谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定
(1)集体名词,如family,class,group,team,club,company,government,population等作主语时,谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义,强调整体概念时,谓语动词用单数;当其表示集体中各个组成部分,强调个体概念时,谓语动词用复数。
As far as I know,his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.
(2)“the+形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时,谓语动词用复数。
The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
三、语法一致原则
1.由and连接的两个名词作主语
(1)“a/the+名词单数+and+名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份),谓语动词用单数。
The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.
(2)“a/the+名词单数+and+a/the+名词单数”表示两个人,谓语动词用复数。
The teacher and the poet have just arrived.
(3)“every+名词单数+and+every+名词单数”表示每一个人,谓语动词用单数。
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.
(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品如:a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Bread and butter is not to his taste.
2.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词,尽管有时是复数形式但常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
Is fifty pounds enough?
3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的形式根据of后的名词的形式来定,如果名词是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
Two-thirds of the books are about science.
Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
高考英语语法与知识点整理范文 2
地点状语从句
1、地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。
注意:where与where的区别:Where表特定的地点,而wherever表示非特定的地点。
Wherever=to/at any place where
2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:
Where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。
原因状语从句
引导词:because, since,as, now that, not that…, but that…, seeing that, considering that, in that
注意:for也可以表示原因,属并列连词,但不是说明直接原因,而是对某种情况加以推断,用于表示补充说明理由。
目的状语从句
引导词:so, so that, in order that, that, to the end that(以便,为了),in case,for fear that,lest(以免,以防),
目的状语从句中通常有情态动词can,could,may,might,should,would等。
注意:1、in case 还可表示“万一,假如”。
2、目的状语从句可以用so as to, in order to 等不定式代替,但主句和从句的主语必须一致。
结果状语从句
引导词:so...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),such...that(如此。。。以至于。。。),so that(结果是),with the result that(所以,结果是)
注意:
(1)so...that与such...that的区别
So+形容词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词
So+形容词+a/an+单数名词such+形容词+复数名词
So+副词such+形容词+不可数名词
So many/few+复数名词
So much/little+不可数名词
(2)so that引导的目的状语从句与so that 引导的结果状语从句
目的状语从句一般使用情态动词,结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词;
结果状语从句常常用逗号与主句分开。
(3)so...that与so...as;such...that与such...as
So...that/such...that为结果状语从句;so...as/such...as为定语从句。
高考英语语法与知识点整理范文 3
as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化:
[例句]
1. Although/Though I'm young, I already know what career I want to follow.
→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
我虽然年轻,但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他,但是我不同意他的观点。
3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child(省略冠词)as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子,却认识了许多汉字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn't solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn't solve the problem. 尽管他努力了,但是他没有解决问题。
5. Although it is raining, I'm going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I'm going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨,我还是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议,却没有人受伤。
7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮助你,但是我有很多事要做。
8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对,我也要去。
高考英语语法与知识点整理范文 4
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词:that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分)
连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
连接副词:when, where, how, why
不可省略的连词:
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
比较:whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:
1. whether引导主语从句并在句首
2. 引导表语从句
3. whether从句作介词宾语
4. 从句后有"or not"
Whether he will come is not clear.
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
高考英语语法与知识点整理范文 5
疾病与伤痛
accident
事故,意外的事
ache
疼痛
blind
失明
burn
烧伤火、热或酸所造成的伤害或伤痕
cancer
癌症
cold
伤风;感冒
cough
咳嗽
cut
剪;切;割
disease
疾病
fever
发烧;发热
flu
流感
headache
头痛
illness
疾病;生病;不健康
problem
问题,难题
toothache
牙疼
trouble
问题,疾病;烦恼,麻烦
wound
伤,伤害
感觉与情感
ache
疼痛
attention
注意,关心
care
照料,保护,小心
cheer
欢呼;喝彩
cheat
骗取,哄骗,作弊
cry
喊叫;哭
doubt
怀疑;疑惑
emotion
感情,情感
excuse
原谅;宽恕
favorite
最受喜爱的(东西)
fear
恐惧,害怕
feeling
感觉,知觉,触觉
fun
快乐;有趣的,令人愉快的
greeting
祝贺
hate
恨;讨厌
hobby
嗜好,兴趣
interest
兴趣,爱好
joy
欢乐,高兴,乐趣
laugh
笑;大笑;嘲笑
love
爱;热爱;很喜欢
pardon
原谅,宽恕
peace
和平;安宁;静寂
pity
怜悯;同情
pleasure
愉快;快乐;高兴
praise
赞扬,表扬
pride
自豪,骄傲
regard
关心,注意,致意,问候,尊敬
respect
尊敬,尊重
regret
可惜,遗憾;痛惜;哀悼
shame
羞愧,惭愧
silence
寂静;沉默
sense
感觉,判断力
smell
气味;嗅觉
smile
微笑
surprise
使吃惊;景气;令人意想不到的事情
sweet
甜蜜
taste
尝;品尝;品味
thank
感谢;谢意
touch
碰,触摸
wish
愿望;祝愿
wonder
惊讶,惊叹;奇迹
worry
烦恼;担忧;发怒;困扰
victory
胜利
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