高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考

英语是比较容易拉分的科目之一，那么高一上册英语语法知识点有哪些呢。下面小编为大家带来高一英语上册课文知识点，欢迎大家参考阅读，希望能够帮助到大家!

高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考 1

一. 直接引语和间接引语

(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：

Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：

She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”

→She asked Jack where he had been.

He said,“These books are mine.”

→He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：

She said,“Is your father at home?”

→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.

→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：

She said to us,“Please sit down.”

→She asked us to sit down.

He said to him,“Go away!”

→He ordered him to go away.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二. 各种时态的被动语态

被动语态概述

被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被动语态的构成

被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：

1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词

例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词

例如：These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词

例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词

例如：Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词

When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词

His work has been finished.

Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.

7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词

注意：

1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.

2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如：

More attention should be paid to the old in this country.

This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.

3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如：

The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.

All these books are to be taken to the library.

4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：

The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)

That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)

系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。

例如：

He was very excited.(系表结构)

He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：

These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。

The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。

The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。

高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考 2

(一)、some与any的用法

1.some用于肯定句以及表示建议或期待得到肯定回答的问句。修饰单数名词时，意为某个。如：I have some questions about the assignment. (希望得到肯定答复)。

2. any用于否定句和疑问句时，表示一些。用于肯定句时，只和单数名词或不可数名词连用，表示任何。如：The medicine is on sale every where. You can get it at any chemist?s.

(二) 、 each与every的用法

1. each强调个体，表示两个或两个以上中的每一个，在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语和同位语。如：There are trees and flowers at each side of the road.

2. every强调整体，表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，只能作定语，不能说every of them，要说every one of them .Every student in our class works hard.

(三)、 no one与none的用法

1. no one意为没有人，只能指人，不能指物，不可与介词of连用，谓语动词用单数形式，回答who引导的问句。如：Who is in the classroom? No one.

2. none既可指人，也可指物，强调数量，意为一点也不，一个也不;谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数;常与of连用，通常指三者以上的人或物中没有一个，回答how much和how many引导的问句。如：They were all tired，but none of them would stop to have a rest.

高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考 3

1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。

2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。

Add v. 增加

1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。

2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。

3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。

Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. _,_,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服

1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。

2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。

Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视

1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!

2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。

Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静

1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。

2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。

3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。

calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)

1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。

2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。

have got to conj. 不得不(必须)

1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence.

你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。

2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train

高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考 4

1.be good to对……友好be good for对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…

2.add up加起来 增加

add up to合计，总计

add…to把……加到……

3.not…until/till意思是“直到…才”

4.get sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……

5.calm down平静下来

6.be concerned about关心，关注

7.当while,when,before,after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。

While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.

8.cheat in the exam考试

9.go through经历;度过;获准，通过

10.hide away躲藏;隐藏

11.set down写下，记下

12.I wonder if…我不知道是不是…

13.on purpose故意

14.sth happen to sb某人发生某事

happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事

it so happened that……正巧 碰巧

15.It is the first(second…)that…(从句谓语动词用现在完成时)

16.in one’s power处于……的控制之中

17.It’s no pleasure doing…做…没有乐趣

It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是没好处/没用的

18.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式宾语

19.suffer from患…病;遭受

20.so…that…/such…thay…

21.get tired of…对…感到劳累 疲惫

22.have some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻烦

23.get along with sb/sth.与某人相处

24.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建议

25.make后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:

make sb.do sth.让(使)某人做某事

make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…

make sb./oneself+v-ed 让某人/自己被…

When you speak,you should make yourself understood.

make sb.+n.使某人成为…

25.alone /lonely.单独的/孤独的

26.I would be grateful if…委婉客气提出请求

27.Why not do…=why don’t you do…

高一年级英语试卷上册及答案参考 5

一、将来完成进行时

1.概念：表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。

2.基本结构：shall/will have been doing

3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我将在这个工厂工作20年了。

If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿，等我们到了那儿，店门就会关了。

二、 过去将来完成进行时

1.概念：表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。

2.基本结构：should/would + have + been +现在分词

3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告诉我，到年底时，他就在那住了30年了。

高中英语必修三语法知识

使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：

1. 不及物动词无被动语态。

What will happen in 100 years.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

This pen writes well.

This new book sells well.

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something

ee somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.