高考常考英语语法总结集锦

英语语法大家都不陌生了，大家都在学习怎么运用，但是通过学习语法的错误我们可能会更快的掌握这些知识。小编在这里整理了相关资料，希望能帮助到您。

高考常考英语语法总结集锦 1

1.词法(morphology)词法研究的对象是各种词的形式及其用法。

英语词类的形式变化有：名词和代词的数、格和性的形式变化;动词的人称、时态、语态、语气等形式变化;以及形容词和副词比较等级的形式变化。

2.句法(syntax)句法研究的对象是句子各个组成部分及其安排的规律。

[英语语法手册]词类和句子成分的关系

在句子里，一定的句子成分由一定的词类来担任。现将哪些句子成分通常由哪些词类来担任列述如下：

主语：名词和代词

eijing is the capital of our country.北京是我国的首都。(名词Beijing作主语)

he is fond of sports.她爱好运动。(代词She作主语)

谓语动词：动词

My brother rides. his bicycle to work.我哥哥骑自行车上班。(动词rides作谓语动词)

表语：名词、代词和形容词

His father is a doctor.他父亲是个医生。(名词doctor作表语)

The lesson is easy and Short.这课书又容易又短。(形容词easy和short作表语)

That classroom is ours，那个教室是我们的。(代词ours作表语)

宾语：名词和代词

I love music.我热爱音乐。(名词music作宾语)

The medicine is good for her.这药对她有效。(代词her作宾语)

定语：形容词

Li Hong is an excellent teacher.李红是一位好老师。(形容词excellent作定语)

状语：副词

Our monitor does well in English.我们班长英语学得好。(副词well作状语)

英语语法手册]短语、从句和句子

短语(phrase)具有一定意义但不构成从句或句子的一组词，叫做短语。短语在句子里可以单独作为一个句子成分。短语的种类很多，但本书只用下列几个短语名称：

a)不定式短语(infinitive phrase)如He 1ikes to read newspapers after lunch(他喜欢在午饭后读报)中的to read newspapers after lunch。

)动名词短语(gerundial phrase)如：

taying indoors all day is unhealthy(整天呆在家里不利于健康)中的staymg indoors all day。

c)分词短语(participial phrase)如：

I saw many people walking along the lake(我看见许多人在湖边散步)中的walking along the lake。

d)介词短语(prepositional phrase)如：

He came by bus(他乘公共汽车来)中的by bus。

从句(clause)内含主语部分和谓语部分，表达一定的概念，但不成为一个独立句子的一组词，叫做从句。从句在句子里可以作为一个句子成分，一般由连词、关

系代词或关系副词所引导。

从句在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等句子成分;

a)主语从句(subject clause)如What I want to say is this(我要说的是这么一点)中的what I want to say。

)表语从句(predicative clause)如This is what I want to say(这是我要说的)中的what I want to say。

c)宾语从句(object clause)如I have said what I want to say(我说完了我要说的话)中的what I want to say。

d)定语从句(attributive clause)如This is the thing I want to say(这就是我要说的)中的I want to say。

e)状语从句(adverbial clause)如If you want to say something，say it clearly(假如你要说什么，就应说清楚)中的if you want to say something。

句子(sentence)内含主语部分和谓语部分，有比较完整的意义的一组词，叫做句子。

从句子结构本身来看，句子可分为：

a)简单句(simple sentence)只有一个主语部分和一个谓语部分，如：

The people's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国于一九四九年成立。

)并列句(compound sentence)包括两个或两个以上的简单句，中间常由连词连接，如：

Tom's father worked from morning till night but he got very little money.汤姆的父亲从早干到晚，但挣得的钱很少。

c)复合句(complex sentence)内含一个或一个以上的从句，如：

It's a long time since I saw you last.好久没有看见你了。

从说话人说话的目的来看，句子可分为：

a)陈述句(declarative sentence)用来叙述一件事，如：

I saw him yesterday.昨天我看见他了。

)疑问句(interrogative sentence)用来提出疑问，如：

Did you see him yesterday?你昨天见到他了吗?

c)祈使句(imperative sentence)表示请求、命令等，如：

lease come in.请进来。

d)感叹句(exclamatory sentence)表示喜怒等各种情感，如：

What a beautiful voice she has!她嗓子多好啊!

高考常考英语语法总结集锦 2

句子一般可以分成几个部分，每一个部分在句中具有一定功能，称为句子成分。不同的句子成分由一定的词类或词组充当。

1.主语(Subject)

主语是句子的主体，是一个句子中需要加以说明或者描述的对象。主语一般是由名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词或名词性从句充当。例如：

The plane has just taken off at the airport.

飞机刚从机场起飞。(名词词组作主语)

They are students from the United States.

他们是来自美国的学生。(代词作主语)

Twelve divided by three is four.

十二除以三等于四。(数词作主语)

To have the English news recorded takes up much of my spare time.

录英语新闻占了我很多业余时间。(不定式词组作主语)

What they said seems reasonable.

他们说的似乎有道理。(从句作主语)

英语作业

一、选择填空

5.He threw the ___ shirt into the washing machine.

A.dirty old brown B.old dirty brown

C.brown old dirty D.old brown dirty

6.I tried to find a suitable present - ___ for my mother.

主语表示法及it作主语的句子

lt;例句>

Dancing bored him.

跳舞使他厌烦。

lt;语法分析>

动名词直接做主语。有时，动名词前可有一个代词或名词所有格表示其逻辑上的主语，有时还可名词化，前面带有冠词。句子的主语除了可用动名词表示之外，还可以用其他成分来表示，如数词、代词、名词、不定式、词组、从句或名词化的其他词类等。it可用作人称代词和非人称代词，也可用来对句子的某一成分加以强调。

lt;触类旁通>

(1)Are there other universes outside our own?

我们的宇宙之外还有别的宇宙吗?

语法分析：名词作主语。

(2)Nobody knows the answer.

没有人知道答案是什么。

语法分析：代词作主语。

(3)Two-thirds of them are college students.

他们中间三分之二是大学生。

语法分析：数词作主语。

(4)What she saw gave her a little fright.

她看到的情况使她吃了一惊。

语法分析：从句作主语。

(5)It's no use asking me.

问我没有用。

语法分析：先行词it作形式主语，真正的主语放在句子后面，从而使句子平稳。

(6)Who was it that called the meeting?

召集会议的是谁?

语法分析：用it对句子的主语加以强调，还可以强调其他成分。

lt;巩固练习>

(1)_____ [go] to the movies is a popular pastime.

(2)Their _____[come] to help was a great encouragement to us.

(3)It is any good _____[try]?

(4)It is an offence _____[ｄｒｏｐ] litter in the street.

(5)Not ______[be] punctual makes him unreliable.

(6)_____ was you who had been wrong.

(7)It costs 100 dollars _____[repair] the car.

lt;参考答案>

(1)Going (2)coming (3)trying (4)to ｄｒｏｐ (5)being (6)It (7)to repair

A.nice something B.something nice

C.something nice D.nice some thing

参考答案：

5-6: AB

二、分析句子的语法结构，并译成中文。

France is expected to demand the removal of the post of British European commissioner as a price for a long Brexit delay, leaving Britain without a seat at the top table of Brussels decision-making for the first time since 1973.【The Guardian】

高考常考英语语法总结集锦 3

1.The course of life never runs smooth, for there are so many ups and downs,twists and turns.

人生之旅，总会有各种牵绊，曲折的经历总会伴随着我们。(挫折、奋斗的话题)

2.There are three things never back: the shot arrow ,the spoken words,and spent days.

有三样东西永远不会回来，射出去的箭，说过了的话，度过的日子。(珍惜时间)

3.Sth(Virture),as a precious stone, is brighter against plain background.

某物(美德)，就像宝石，在朴素的背景下更显得华丽。(人的品质)

4In the face of difficulties,shallenges and illness, we mustn''t give in,we should trained ourself an iron-willed person,

面对困难、挑战、疾病，我们不能屈服，我们要使我们成为钢铁战士。(挫折，奋斗)

5. Sb.(sth),like a shining star,shines in my path of success

某人(某物、某事)就像一颗闪耀的星星，照耀着我成功的道路。 (写人、或者物给自己的鼓励)

6.If a person goes after superficial things constantly,he or she may pay for his or her stupidity.

如果一个人不断追求肤浅的东西，他可能要为他的愚蠢付出代价。(追求、励志)

7.Time is very precious,Remember that time wait for no man.

时间十分宝贵，记住：时不我待。(珍惜时间)

8.On the way of life,we‘re walking hand in hand to the bright future.

在生活的道路上，我们正手拉手走向未来。(团结、励志)

9.Sth(education) alone is not sufficient. It should go side by side with sth.(morality)

仅仅某物(教育)是不够的，它应该与某物(品德)双管齐下。(万能句，两方面的好处)

10.Finally I want to use the following words as our mutual encouragement.“......''

最后我想引用一句话与君共勉。(结尾万能句)

高考常考英语语法总结集锦 4

  主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 作及物动词宾语 作介词宾语 that 一般不省略 可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 Whether/if（是否） 放于句首时只用whether 用whether/if均可，但有区别 只用whether 只用whether 只用whether 特殊疑问词 注意语序要用陈述语序 名词性关系从句 注意语序要用陈述语序

一、that 从句

1、主语从句

(1)that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：

It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句

It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句

It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句

(2)that可以省略，但that从句位于句首时，that不能省略。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。

(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。

3、表语从句(that不可省略)

4、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，that在从句中不担当任何成分，不能省略。

二、whether/if从句

1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时，只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时，必须用whether。

2、在宾语从句中：

(1)及物动词后：whether从句中不能有否定式，宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用，但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。

(2)介词后：只能用whether,不用if。

三、特殊疑问词引导的从句

1、主语从句：特殊疑问词引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。

(2)作介词宾语。

3、同位语从句、表语从句

四、名词性关系从句

What=the thing(s) which/that, whoever=anyone who, whichever=anyone/anything that, whatever=anything that, where=the place where, when=the time when

五、名词性从句的几个难点

(一)that不可省略的情况

1、主语从句，that从句置于句首时;

2、当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略;

3、由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可以省略。

(二)wh-ever与no matter wh-的用法区别

Wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句;而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。

(三)as if/though, because, why可以引导表语从句

注意：because引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause,而且since,as不能引导表语从句。

(四)that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别

That引导的同位语从句成分是完整的，that在从句中不担当任何成分;that引导的定语从句成分是残缺的，that在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。

高考常考英语语法总结集锦 5

积累一些段落句型，摆脱平铺直叙，对英语写作可以起到事半功倍的效果。关键是要有意识的把这些句型用到作文中去哦~，并且同学们需要记住这条真理：Practice makes perfect.(熟能生巧)

一.开头句型

1.As far as ...is/am/are concerned 就……而言

例如：就我而言 As far as I am concerned

2.It can be said with certainty that... 可以肯定地说......

3.As the proverb says，... 正如谚语所说的，......

4.It has to be noticed that... 必须注意到......

5.It's generally recognized that... 普遍认为......

6.It's likely that ... 这可能是因为......

7.It's hardly that... 这是很难的......

8.There's no denying the fact that... 毫无疑问，无可否认......

9.Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比......更重要。

10.what's far more important is that... 更重要的是…...

二.衔接句型

1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是......

2.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，... 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……

3.But it's a pity that... 但遗憾的是…...

4.In spite of the fact that... 尽管......

5.Further, we hold the opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，......

6..However , the difficulty lies in... 然而，困难在于…...

7.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意......

8.As it has been mentioned above... 正如上面所提到的…

9.In this respect,... 从这个角度上,......

10.However, 然而, ...…

三.结尾句型

1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…...

2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that... 因此，我们有理由相信…...

3.All things considered= In a word=In conclusion 总而言之

4.It may be safely said that... 它可以有把握地说......

5.Therefore, in my opinion,... 因此，在我看来，......

6.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that... 通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论...…

7.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that… 通过数据我们得到的结论是，....

8.It can be concluded from the discussion that... 从讨论中我们可以得出......的结论

9.From my point of view, it would be better if... 在我看来，如果……也许更好

四.举例句型

1.Here is one more example.这里有不止一个例子.

2.Take… for example. 就拿……为例子

五.常用于引言段的句型

1.Some people think that… 有些人认为…...

2.To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。

3. I believe the statement is valid because… 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为…...

4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that... 我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法.

5. Along with the development of…, more and more... 随着……的发展，越来越多的...…

6.It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that… 通常认为…...

7. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter. 就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者的观点。

六 表示比较和对比的常用句型

1. A is completely different from B. A和B完全不同。

2 The difference between A and B is/lies in... A和B不同的地方是......

七 演绎法常用的句型

1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones. 对于......有几个原因，但一般，可以归结为三个主要原因。

2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。

3. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。

4.The reasons are as follows. 理由如下。

八 因果推理法常用句型

1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。

2. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。

3. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。